life 2021 sap nat naturelife 2021 sap nat nature

Political and institutional perils of Brazils COVID-19 crisis. In closed-loop chemical recycling, chemical transformations are used to cleave the polymer into its monomers (depolymerization), or to create a polymer with equivalent function12. Coates, G. W. & Getzler, Y. D. Y. L. Chemical recycling to monomer for an ideal, circular polymer economy. Expected Impact : Applicants are expected to define, calculate, explain and achieve ambitious and credible impacts in terms of conservation benefit, ensuring at the same time long term sustainability and . Protection and Research, The Kick-off meeting of the LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST project will be held on January 20 in Rome, at the Legambiente headquarters. Alarifi, A. S. & Aouak, T. Synthesis of acrylic or methacrylic acid/acrylate or methacrylate ester polymers using pervaporation. Baqui, P., Bica, I., Marra, V., Ercole, A. . Giving superabsorbent polymers a second life as pressure-sensitive adhesives. endobj https://virological.org/t/first-reported-cases-of-sars-cov-2-sub-lineage-b-1-617-2-in-brazil-an-outbreak-in-a-ship-and-alert-for-spread/706 (2021). Mater. and C.M.T. First, as our main specification, we constructed period life tables that considered deaths by state, sex and age group. Adoption is complex, emotional, life-altering. A new variant of concern (P.1, now called Gamma), which emerged in the city in November 2020, is estimated to be 1.42.2 times more transmissible than other lineages, and at least 17% of the P.1 infections in Manaus in 2021 were reinfections23,24. Castro, M. C. et al. The impact of COVID-19 on people with diabetes in Brazil. Chem. 166, 108304 (2020). The change in the Helmholtz free energy of esterification for these two steps (A) was found to be 0.70.1kcal/mol. and M.I.J. CAS 1 Land Law III (LLAW3105) Exam DECEMBER 2021 MARKING GUIDE Examiner I: II: University #: Q1 (22) + Q2 (18) + Q3 (12) + Q4 (14) + Q5 (14) - Total Marks: (out of 80) Q Suggested points/answers Marks 1(a) Land is held under Tso, Chinese customary trust for ancestral worship and is supposed to be inalienable and perpetual. Arena, U., Ardolino, F. & Gregorio, F. D. Technological, environmental and social aspects of a recycling process of post-consumer absorbent hygiene products. To achieve the necessary cohesive and holding strength for a PSA, the polymer (after esterification) should have a Mw>400kg/mol25,36. T.A. & Shamanin, V. V. Chain degradation under low-intensity sonication of polymer solutions in the presence of filler: Mechanism of ultrasonic degradation of flexible chain macromolecules. CAS Demonstrativos de linhagens e genomas SARS-CoV-2. 3). USA 118, e2019536118 (2021). Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Nature Medicine (Nat Med) For both DT20 and DT19, after estimating the ratio of non-COVID-19 deaths to all-cause deaths, we then used this ratio to estimate the counterfactual life tables in which COVID-19 was eliminated and COVID-19 was included, respectively. <> We made the assumption of proportionality between forces of decrement from cause i (or all causes except i) and the force of decrement from all other causes combined8,45. ^c2/rML[,[gs] We also calculated state inequalities in life expectancy, measured as the difference between the lowest and the highest state life expectancy, to assess changes due to COVID-19 (Methods). Buss, L. F. et al. Given a growing emphasis on sustainability within the polymer industry, including calls to increase the circularity of polymer production12, this LCA provides an important metric for evaluating approaches to polymer recycling. When acetic acid was reacted with 2-ethylhexanol/water, we observed a 94% conversion. When closed-loop processes are unavailable, an alternative, known as open-loop chemical recycling can be utilized. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT Nature & Biodiversity - Standard Action Projects (SAP) LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance 19 , 2021 Lancet 394, 345356 (2019). Recent technologies for treatment and recycling of used disposable baby diapers. ADS Z., Sohail, N., Hayes, R. L. & Brooks, C. L. Overcoming challenging substituent perturbations with multisite -dynamics: A case study targeting -secretase 1. We also thank Prof. Charlie Brooks for providing GPU computing resources. wrote the first draft of the manuscript. First, differences in these period life expectancies capture both direct and indirect mortality effects of COVID-19 in 2020. Phillips, T. Brazil begins parliamentary inquiry into Bolsonaros Covid response. One salient example is the superabsorbent material used in diapers and feminine hygiene products, which contain crosslinked sodium polyacrylates. As many countries speed up vaccination coverage and witness declines in cases and deaths, Brazil lags behind. 1). Following multiple decrement life table methods previously used to measure the effect of COVID-19 on life expectancy8,16,17, we calculated two additional sets of estimates of life expectancy decline: (1) the difference between 2020 life expectancy estimated above and a scenario in which COVID-19 mortality has been eliminated from 2020 (DT20; Supplementary Tables 3 and 4 and Methods); and (2) the difference between 2019 life expectancy estimated from 2019 death records and a scenario in which 2019 all-cause mortality has been inflated to include COVID-19 mortality (DT19; Supplementary Tables 5 and 6 and Methods). 99, 99106 (2015). J. Several environmental impact categories were examined, but particular attention was paid to the global warming potential (GWP) and cumulative energy demand (CED). CAS THIS GRANT IS CURRENTLY CLOSED. Error bars are derived from an average of two experiments. Barbosa, R. J., Souza, P. H. G. F. & Soares, S. S. D. Distribuio de Renda nos Anos 2010: uma dcada perdida para desigualdade e pobreza. Similarly, given the higher risk of dying from COVID-19 at older ages5, the death toll can be measured by e65, defined as the average number of years that a 65-year-old person would be expected to live if subject to the underlying mortality rates for ages 65 and above in a specific year. endobj Nature Governance ID LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Types of action LIFE Project Grants Deadline model single-stage Opening date 13 July 2021 Deadline date 30 November 2021 17:00:00 Brussels time Projetos SNAP (os chamados projetos integrados no anterior Regulamento, mas agora especficos Recent efforts to sidestep this degradation using microwaves and added radical initiators led to oligomeric products with 5060% decarboxylation19. Demography 43, 647657 (2006). Environ. Article %PDF-1.7 123, 116129 (2019). Although durability and strength are advantages of synthetic polymers, these properties are also responsible for their environmental persistence4,5,6. Abbasi, J. are employees at P&G. Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, P. Takunda Chazovachii,Michael T. Robo,E. Neil G. Marsh,Paul M. Zimmerman&Anne J. McNeil, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, Materials Science InnovationCorporate R&D, The Procter & Gamble Co., West Chester, OH, USA, Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, You can also search for this author in Cad. Reduction in life expectancy in Brazil after COVID-19, \({\,}_nD_x = ({\,}_nK_x - \,_nD_x^{COV})({\,}_n^ \ast M_x) + \,_nD_x^{COV}\), $${\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{R}}_{\boldsymbol{x}} = \frac{{{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}^ \ast {\boldsymbol{D}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}}}{{{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{D}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}}}$$, $${\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{p}}_{\boldsymbol{x}} = {\boldsymbol{e}}^{\left( {\frac{1}{{{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{R}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}}}\, \ast \,\log \left( {{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}^ \ast {\boldsymbol{p}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}} \right)} \right)}$$, $${\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{q}}_{\boldsymbol{x}} = 1 - {\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{p}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}$$, $${\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{a}}_{\boldsymbol{x}} = {\boldsymbol{n}} + \frac{1}{{{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{R}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}}} \ast \frac{{{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}^ \ast {\boldsymbol{q}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}}}{{{\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}{\boldsymbol{q}}_{\boldsymbol{x}}}} \ast ({\,}_{\boldsymbol{n}}^ \ast {\boldsymbol{a}}_{\boldsymbol{x}} - {\boldsymbol{n}})$$, $${\,}_\infty {\boldsymbol{a}}_{90} = {\,}_\infty ^ \ast {\boldsymbol{a}}_{90}\, \ast _\infty {\boldsymbol{R}}_{90}$$, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01437-z. We showed that a largely unmitigated pandemic, in a context of local inequalities, resulted in a high and unequal mortality burden. <> All the adhesives synthesized from PAAP&G fall within quadrant 3 and the central region (Fig. 8,17). y?UT=*b!k jV/d=ucKW|8pJ{XCz"Xb3lhUY?|4~'"nj(\9c XP9@p*;+dw. Lancet 397, 220232 (2021). The Kick-off meeting of the LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE TURTLENEST project will be held on January 20 in Rome, at the Legambiente headquarters. Proven ability to identify and interpret a. The superabsorbent polymer provided by P&G is a sodium poly(acrylate) crosslinked via ~0.05mol% poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate co-monomer (PAAP&G)30. & Cameron, E. E. Suboptimal US response to COVID-19 despite robust capabilities and resources. Eng. I tried to learn Python before,. In this approach, the VW for each PSA is constructed from the dynamic storage (G) and loss (G) moduli at representative bonding and debonding frequencies of 0.01 and 100Hz, respectively. Chem. State-level gains in longevity achieved over years or even decades were reversed by the pandemic. M.C.C. Degrad. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Nature Governance Each project application under the call must address only one of these topics. Chazovachii, P. T., Somers, M., Alfaro, J., McNeil, A. J. 109, 57555798 (2009). Peer review information Nature Communications thanks the anonymous reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work. 4a). We surmise that the estimates derived from the decrement life table techniques (DT19 and DT20) are higher than those reported in the text because of additional biases related to violation of the assumption of independence between COVID-19 and other causes and misdiagnosis of cause of death. Prod. 6, 35893595 (2018). First, we obtained mid-year population projections for 20182020 and abridged life tables estimated for 20002020 by state, age and sex from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica, or IBGE, in Portuguese) (https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/population/18176-population-projection.html). The consequences of that death toll can be measured by e0, which indicates the average number of years a newborn would be expected to live if born in a specific year and subject to the prevailing mortality rates in that year throughout life. Lotta, G., Wenham, C., Nunes, J. Under ultrasound, solvodynamic shear forces cleave polymer chains into shorter fragments while maintaining the polymers chemical identity. 2 0 obj Preparation of pressure sensitive adhesives from post-consumer superabsorbent polymers. ANDS is a $120M federally funded national infrastructure innovation project to exploit Australia's research data advantage. M.C.C., N.G., T.A. California, United States. From April to December 2020, an emergency basic income program mitigated the challenges imposed by the pandemic37 (for example, unemployment), but this benefit ended in December 2020. Andrasfay, T. & Goldman, N. Reductions in 2020 US life expectancy due to COVID-19 and the disproportionate impact on the Black and Latino populations. Sonochem. Defined and directed strategic marketing and go-to-market plans. https://www.statista.com/statistics/282732/global-production-of-plastics-since-1950 (2020). 1 0 obj In January 2021, Manaus witnessed one of the most tragic scenarios of overwhelmed hospital capacity, running out of not only hospital beds but also oxygen22. For all intervals except ages 01, 15 and 90+, the interval length n is 5 years wide. In 15 states (including the entire Southeast region), this loss was higher among males (Fig. Int. Super absorbent polymer (SAP) marketGlobal industry analysis, size and forecast. M.S. The Guardian. ANDS with Nectar and RDS have a vision in 2018-19 to create the Australian Research Data Cloud - "an integrated data-intensive infrastructure system, incorporating physical infrastructure, policies, data, software, tools and support for researchers." Moriguchi, T. & Arita, Y. Jul 13, 2021 Nature Governance ID:LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV Type of action: [object Object] Objective: To contribute to the protection of nature and biodiversityby: Supporting nature and biodiversity policy and legislation compliance assurance, and/or Raber, D. J. et al. Khoo, S. C. et al. M.C.C. Proc. For decades, mechanical recycling has been used to recover some value from waste polymers, although recycling rates are low2 and the material quality is often reduced. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. J. Phys. Article US Provisional Patent Application No. We used death rates from all causes (including COVID-19) to calculate single-decrement life tables in 2019 and 2020. These records, aggregated at the state level, are publicly available by date on the website (https://brasil.io/covid19/). To do this, we multiplied the age group-specific and sex-specific mortality rates from 2019 from each state by the corresponding projected population for March 2021. LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-GOV - Nature Governance - Standard Action Projects (SAP) I progetti relativi a questa call devono essere orientati verso la garanzia di conformit alla legislazione dell'UE in materia di natura e biodiversit e l'accesso alla giustizia mediante: Get the latest from your favourite shows on National Geographic Syntheses of pressure-sensitive adhesives from petroleum feedstocks (industrial approach) compared to waste diaper-based feedstock (open-loop recycling). Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. 364, 19851998 (2009). When intense shocks like a pandemic or war occur, life expectancy drops, but it often rebounds quickly. Several provisional patent and patent applications have been filed based on this work. What it lacks is leadership commitment to save lives. We abstracted death data on 18 May 2021, for all states, as reported through 30 April 2021 (n=209,458 confirmed COVID-19 deaths). Carlyle, R. L. Process for the production of acrylic acid esters. Fourth, the economic crisis that hit Brazil in 2014 has contributed to increases in mortality35, poverty and inequality36. served as a sounding board throughout the project. We quantified the effect of COVID-19 on reversing the progress in mortality reduction since 2000 (Methods). However, in the presence of COVID-19, this assumption might not hold because deaths were unevenly distributed over the year. 2 Topics under the 2021 call 1. In quest of challenging role Operational excellence in specialty chemicals, pharmaceutical industry demonstrated success extremely reliable, collaborative; 16 + years associated with companies. Heuveline, P. & Tzen, M. Beyond deaths per capita: comparative COVID-19 mortality indicators. R. Soc. Vilseck, J. 21). 239, 255261 (2019). Duque, D. Auxlio Emergencial faz pobreza cair em plena pandemia. "Climate action". Esterification of polyacrylic acid using alkyl halides under basic conditions had already been reported38. Plots of storage (G) versus loss (G) moduli for poly(2-ethylhexylacrylate) (a), including visualization of Changs viscoelastic window, and of the cumulative energy demand (CED) and global warming potential (GWP) for each route (b). Changes in e0 can reflect differences in expected longevity between two periods, such as before versus during a pandemic. Thank you for visiting nature.com. This value suggests that the increase in polymer hydrophobicity provides a significant thermodynamic driving force towards further esterification, perhaps counteracting the buildup of water that was otherwise expected to limit conversion. g;"a"E^X @; D.I.C., M.I.J., and E.N.G.M. The resulting acidic polymer solutions were used directly in the subsequent experiments without any isolation steps. Genomics and epidemiology of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus, Brazil. Height influenced biomass accumulation and hence C gain, where life forms . Chang, E. P. Viscoelastic windows of pressure-sensitive adhesives. Chang noted that most existing PSAs appear between the G and G bounds of 103 and 106 Pascals (Pa) at the aforementioned bounding frequencies, and can be grouped into the quadrants (and central region) highlighted in Fig. Programme for Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) ID: LIFE-2021-SAP-NAT-NATURE: Types of action: LIFE Project Grants: Deadline model: single-stage: Opening date: 13 July 2021: Deadline date: 30 November 2021 17:00:00 Brussels time . 3 0 obj <>/Metadata 190 0 R/ViewerPreferences 191 0 R>> The global annual production of this class of materials is estimated to be over 2 million metric tons, with disposable diapers claiming 74% of the market13. Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The new plastics economy: rethinking the future of plastics & catalyzing action. 4 0 obj We argue that, in the case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the rebound will not happen in 2021, and the pre-pandemic trajectory of annual gains in e0 will likely slow down. interpreted the data. quizlet cosmetology. We calculate three sets of estimates of life expectancy decline but argue that those based on the difference in life expectancy between 2019 and 2020, which include all reported deaths in those 2 years, are the most defensible because they do not depend on accurate classification of cause of death, determination of whether the death was directly or indirectly due to COVID-19 or assumptions about independence among causes. U.S. Patent Application 2021/0054248 A1 (Februrary 25, 2021). Google Scholar. This approach was inspired by the similar structures of sodium polyacrylate (superabsorbent polymer) and the polyacrylates (pressure-sensitive adhesives) used in tapes, bandages, and sticky notes, among others23. 1c), broadly mirroring the patterns across states (Fig. The aim of the project is the conservation of Caretta caretta, in the western Mediterranean basin, from threats related to human disturbance in the nesting sites.
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