muscle mnemonics origin, insertion action

I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. The second way to describe a muscle's action is based on the joint, or the articulation. There are numerous muscles in this compartment. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. An Introduction to the Human Body, Chapter 2. It arises from the occipital bones, occipital protuberance and nuchal lines, as well as the spinous processes of C7 through T12. F lexor digitorum profundus muscle:It rises from the anterior proximal surface of the ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane and deep fascia of the forearm. It is innervated by the axillary nerve. During that particular movement, individual muscles will play different roles depending on their origin and insertion. It inserts onto the radial surface of the 1st proximal phalanx. The muscle also forms the medial border of the cubital fossa. Phew. They arise from the metacarpal bones and insert into the extensor hoods of each finger. Most skeletal muscles create movement by actions on the skeleton. Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Wider than semmitendonosis #shorts #anatomy. The action, or particular movement of a muscle, can be described relative to the joint or the body part moved. Due to this abducting movement, the supraspinatus is commonly referred to as the suitcase muscle; i.e. The human body has over 500 muscles responsible for all types of movement. Although the tongue is obviously important for tasting food, it is also necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech (Figure 11.4.5 and Figure 11.4.6). In addition, both muscles working together are the flexors of the head. Validated and aligned with popular anatomy textbooks, these muscle cheat sheets are packed with high-quality illustrations. This muscle allows you to whistle, blow, and suck; and it contributes to the action of chewing. The transversospinales muscles run from the transverse processes to the spinous processes of the vertebrae. The muscles in the face create facial expression by inserting into the skin rather than onto bone. It is innervated by the radial nerve. Conventionally, a muscle origin describes the attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone. The muscles of the neck stabilize and move the head. These final muscles make up your calf. When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. Muscles that move the eyeballs are extrinsic, meaning they originate outside of the eye and insert onto it. insertion: spinus process of scapula Teres major:This muscle arises from the posterior surface of the inferior scapular angle and inserts onto the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. The pectoral girdle, or shoulder girdle, consists of the lateral ends of the clavicle and scapula, along . The sternocostal head arises from the sternum and the superior 6-7 costal cartilages. Important in the stabilization of the vertebral column is the segmental muscle group, which includes the interspinales and intertransversarii muscles. Resulting in the inability to straighten the digit. As these attachments of the brachialis are similar in nature to those of the biceps brachii, so is its action. The extrinsic muscles move the whole tongue in different directions, whereas the intrinsic muscles allow the tongue to change its shape (such as, curling the tongue in a loop or flattening it). Commonly referred to as impingement syndrome. Brachialis muscle:This is the deep primary flexor of the elbow and arises from the lower part of the anterior surface of the humerus. Most common manifestations are pain, swelling, and deformity at the joint. The intrinsic muscles of the hand contain the origin and insertions within the carpal and metacarpal bones. In that manner of speaking, this article will explain all the anatomical aspects of the muscles of the scapula, arm, forearm and hand. The upper fibers act to extend the neck, elevate, and upwardly rotate. insertion: top of scapula This compartment is anterior in anatomical position. origin: cervical vertebrae The masseter muscle is the prime movermuscle for chewing because it elevates the mandible (lower jaw) to close the mouth, and it is assisted by the temporalis muscle, which retracts the mandible. These different roles can be described as agonists (or prime movers), antagonists, or synergists. We will use examples to describe how the origin and insertion affect the action of a skeletal muscle. The Tissue Level of Organization, Chapter 6. Palmaris longus muscle: This muscle can be absent in some of the population. They both arise from the medial epicondyle, with the radialis inserting onto the base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, and the ulnaris into the pisiform, hook of hamate and base of the 5th metacarpal. Bsc Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics. Winged scapula is caused by an injury to the long thoracic nerve. This website provides entertainment value only, not medical advice or nursing protocols. It inserts on the distal phalangesof the 2nd to 5th digits and acts to flex the distal IP joints of the fingers. The layman will refer to the entire upper limb as the arm. There are relatively few muscles which its movements and function are easy to learn. Memorizethe superficial forearm flexors usingthe followingmnemonic! Some axial muscles cross over to the appendicular skeleton. In addition, you might want to watch our anatomy and physiology lectures on YouTube, or check our anatomy and physiology notes. A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. Flexor carpi muscles: In the superficial layer of the forearm is where we find flexor carpi radialis, and flexor carpi ulnaris. We strive for 100% accuracy, but nursing procedures and state laws are constantly changing. These are innervated by the ulnar nerve. Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Differentiate between origin and insertion, as well as proximal and distal, Explain how agonists, antagonists and synergists work together to control muscle movement. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Interossei:These are grouped into four dorsal and threepalmar interossei and are part of the midpalmar group. Each of these muscles has a name; for example, again, the biceps brachii and now the triceps brachii, responsible for both forearm flexion and forearm extension, respectively. Let's take a look at forearm flexion and identify the roles of the different muscles involved. 'Rule of 3s' and 'Busy BeesCollaBorate well'. Sternocleidomastoid Muscle | Action, Origin, Insertion & Location, How to Perform a Visual Assessment in Massage Therapy. Muscles are either axial muscles or appendicular. Insertion: Medial proximal condyle of tibia Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Origin: Lateral condyle and proximal tibia Insertion: First metatarsal and first cuneiform Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot, Origin: Condyles of femur Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot, Origin:Posterior, proximal tibia and fibula Insertion: Calcaneus by calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexes foot, Origin: Head and shaft of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Insertion: First metatarsal, first cuneiform Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot, Origin: Lateral COndyle of tibia, shaft of fibula Insertion: Middle of distal phalanges of second through fifth digits Action: Extends toes, dorsiflexes foot, Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Elevates ribs (increases volume in thorax), Origin: Inferior border of a rib Insertion: Superior border of rib below Action: Depresses ribs (decreases volume in thorax), Origin: Posterior occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, C7-T12 Insertion: Clavicle, Acromion process, and spine of scapula Action: Extends and abducts head, rotates and adducts scapula, fixes scapula, Origin: Spines of T2-5 Insertion: Lower one-third of vertebral border of scapula Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, Spines C7-T1 Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula at scapular spine Action: retraction of scapula, Origin: Galea aponeurotica Insertion: Skin superior to orbit Action: Raises eyebrows, draws scalp anteriorly, Origin: Fascia of facial muscles near mouth Insertion: Skin of lips Action: Closes lips, Origin: Frontal and maxilla on medial margin of orbit Insertion: Skin of eyelid Action: Closes eyelid, Origin: Zygomatic arch Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Temporal fossa Insertion: coronoid process and ramus of mandible Action: Closes mandible, Origin: Sternum, clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal Action: Abducts, rotates, and flexes head, Origin: Ribs 1-8 Insertion: Vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula Action: Abducts scapula (moves scapula away from spinal column), Origin: Bottom of rib cage, Crest of pubis, symphysis pubis Insertion: xiphoid process, Origin: Ribs 5-12 Insertion: Linea alba, iliac crest, pubis Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: Inguinal ligament, iliac crest Insertion: Linea alba, ribs 10-12 Action: Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk, Origin: the inner surface of the 7th to 12th costal cartilages, the thoracolumbar fascia, the iliac crest horizontally, and the inguinal ligament Insertion: linea alba Action: support for the abdominal wall, directly on top of the sciatic nerve They'll teach you everything you need to know about attachments, innervations and functions. Last reviewed: July 22, 2022 flashcard sets. 2. Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. The longissimus group includes the longissimus capitis, the longissimus cervicis, and the longissimus thoracis. This muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles when viewed from the side (Figure 11.4.8). 2023 Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. This eBook contains high-quality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. Our opposable thumb is essential to our advancement as a species. You will feel the movement originate there. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Anterior, medical and posterior thigh muscles, Anterior, lateral and posterior leg muscles, Thenar, hypothenar and metacarpal muscles of the hand, Muscles of facial expression and mastication. 1 / 24. Extensor digitorum muscle:This muscle lies in the extensor compartment and arises from the lateral epicondyle. It is innervated by the median nerve a branch of the lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus. The shoulder moves at the glenohumeral joint. The physicians originally studying human anatomy thought the skull looked like an apple. origin: in strips on the lateral and anterior surface of ribs Facial muscles are different in that they create facial movements and expressions by pulling on the skinno bone movements are involved. Opponens pollicis acts to oppose the thumb with the other digits (rotation of the thumb to pulp of the other fingers and not just flex across the palm). The Colles fracture is a fracture of the distal radius (within two centimetres of the wrist joint) with associated dorsal translocation of the distal fragment. , My origin is the iliac crest, posterior sacrum, inferior lumbar, and sacral spinous processes. All Rights Reserved. origin: neck The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. The short head arises from the coracoid process and both heads unite. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Diaphragm *Note the distinction between internal and innermost intercostal. It consists mainly of type 2a fibers and provides power and endurance to elbow extension. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. It arises from the flexor retinaculum, scaphoid tubercle, and trapezium. Muscles of Face ----- skull----- skin of face----- facial expression Orbicularis oculi frontal and maxilla & tissue of eyelid closes eye ligaments around orbit Franchesca Druggan BA, MSc It is the primary lateral rotator of the shoulder, it also modulates deltoid movement. The orbicularis oris is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle that closes the eye. Due to its course it has a "serrated" or "saw-toothed" appearance. The acronym for the rotator cuff is S.I.T.S. The long head arises from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and passes through the intertubercular sulcus in its own synovial sheath. Working together enhances a particular movement. Copyright 2023 RegisteredNurseRN.com. The origin is the attachment site that doesn't move during contraction, while the insertion is the attachment site that does move when the muscle contracts. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! It is best studied broken down into its components: regions, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. Memorize Muscles, Origins, and Insertions with Cartoons and Mnemonics: 46 Muscles of the Lower Quadrant [Print Replica] Kindle Edition by Byron Moffett (Author) Format: Kindle Edition 24 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle $9.99 Read with Our Free App 0% 0:00.0 See our full, Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window), IV Drug Use Complications & Dangers: (Endocarditis, Infection, Infectious Diseases). origin: tip of the coracoid process Mnemonic for Pectoral Muscles Origin Insertion Function Mnemonics for Facial Muscleshttps://youtu.be/ulMHYpvoRbsMnemonics for Tongue Muscle. 1 / 24. Action: Actions Alone(unilateral), lateral flexion of vertebral column; Together (bilateral), depression of thoracic rib cage, any of the three pairs of muscles on each side of the neck that are involved in moving the neck, and in breathing It acts as a lateral rotator and a weak adductor of the shoulder. Coracobrachialis muscle :The beauty of this muscle is that its name explains its origin, insertion, and action. It has three heads: long, lateral, and medial. The muscles of the neck are categorized according to their position relative to the hyoid bone (Figure 11.4.7). The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. succeed. Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm. The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. The brevis muscle arises from the lateral epicondyle and inserts onto the dorsal base of the 3rd metacarpal. Upper limb muscles and movements: want to learn more about it? The Chemical Level of Organization, Chapter 3. I nfraspinatus muscle : This muscle is located in the large posterior infraspinous fossa located inferior to the scapular spine. Anatomy & Physiology by Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Devon Quick & Jon Runyeon is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Because of its mobility, the tongue facilitates complex speech patterns and sounds. PAD DAB ('Use your hand to dab with a pad'). All rights reserved. The occipitofrontalis muscle elevates the scalp and eyebrows. However, it prevents the humeral head from slipping downwards. Suprahyoid muscles are superior to it, and the infrahyoid muscles are located inferiorly. EKG Rhythms | ECG Heart Rhythms Explained - Comprehensive NCLEX Review, Simple Anatomy Quiz Most Nurses Get WRONG! Serratus anterior muscle:This muscle is so named due to its anterior digitations that have a serrated or finger-like appearance. This muscle primary retracts the scapula, elevates the medial border, and also stabilizes the scapula against the thoracic wall. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Kenhub. There are numerous muscles in this compartment as well. The radial two lumbricals are innervated by the median nerve and the ulnar two are innervated by the ulnar nerve. It inserts into the 5th proximal phalanx (pinky finger). SITS; TISS; Mnemonic. This mnemonic recalls the four intrinsic muscles of the hand innervated by the median nerve, whereas all the other intrinsic muscles are ulnar nerve: F: flexor pollicis brevis. This muscle is considered an accessory muscle of respiration. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. insertion: mediar aspect of humerus, Origin posterior border of iliac crest The geniohyoid depresses the mandible in addition to raising and pulling the hyoid bone anteriorly. The Lymphatic and Immune System, Chapter 26. The muscles of the anterior neck are arranged to facilitate swallowing and speech. remember this mnemonic: Aortic hiatus=12 letters =T12 Esophageal =10 letters= T10 Vena cava = 8 letters = T8 Extrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from outside origins, and the intrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from origins within it. Most skeletal muscle is attached to bone on its ends by way of what we call tendons. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. A. Muscles of the Head and Neck. 1.2 Structural Organization of the Human Body, 2.1 Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter, 2.4 Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 2.5 Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, 3.2 The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles, 4.3 Connective Tissue Supports and Protects, 5.3 Functions of the Integumentary System, 5.4 Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, 6.6 Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue, 6.7 Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems, 7.6 Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton, 8.5 Development of the Appendicular Skeleton, 10.3 Muscle Fiber Excitation, Contraction, and Relaxation, 10.4 Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension, 10.8 Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue, 11.1 Describe the roles of agonists, antagonists and synergists, 11.2 Explain the organization of muscle fascicles and their role in generating force, 11.3 Explain the criteria used to name skeletal muscles, 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Head Neck and Back, 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, 11.6 Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs, 11.7 Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs, 12.1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System, 13.4 Relationship of the PNS to the Spinal Cord of the CNS, 13.6 Testing the Spinal Nerves (Sensory and Motor Exams), 14.2 Blood Flow the meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid Production and Circulation, 16.1 Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, 16.4 Drugs that Affect the Autonomic System, 17.3 The Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus, 17.10 Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions, 17.11 Development and Aging of the Endocrine System, 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity, 20.1 Structure and Function of Blood Vessels, 20.2 Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance, 20.4 Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System, 20.6 Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation, 21.1 Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems, 21.2 Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response, 21.3 The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types, 21.4 The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies, 21.5 The Immune Response against Pathogens, 21.6 Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses, 21.7 Transplantation and Cancer Immunology, 22.1 Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System, 22.6 Modifications in Respiratory Functions, 22.7 Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System, 23.2 Digestive System Processes and Regulation, 23.5 Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder, 23.7 Chemical Digestion and Absorption: A Closer Look, 25.1 Internal and External Anatomy of the Kidney, 25.2 Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney: Anatomy of the Nephron, 25.3 Physiology of Urine Formation: Overview, 25.4 Physiology of Urine Formation: Glomerular Filtration, 25.5 Physiology of Urine Formation: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion, 25.6 Physiology of Urine Formation: Medullary Concentration Gradient, 25.7 Physiology of Urine Formation: Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition, 27.3 Physiology of the Female Sexual System, 27.4 Physiology of the Male Sexual System, 28.4 Maternal Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and Birth, 28.5 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages. Register now It inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the 5th proximal phalanx. The erector spinae has three subgroups. For example, upper limb muscles are grouped by shoulder and arm, forearm and hand. The scalene muscles include the anterior scalene muscle (anterior to the middle scalene), the middle scalene muscle (the longest, intermediate between the anterior and posterior scalenes), and the posterior scalene muscle (the smallest, posterior to the middle scalene). It acts as an adductor, medial rotator, and flexor of the arm at the shoulder joint. The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. It acts to pronate the forearm and weakly flex the elbow. Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. Click to Rate "Hated It" . Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. MUSCLE NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NOTES MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR AND LATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 . Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle:This muscle arises from the lateral epicondyle and runs distally to insert onto the dorsal surface of the base of the 5th metacarpal and ulnar shaft. It is caused by damage to the extensor tendon complex as it inserts onto the distal phalanx of any of the digits. Thats why wecreated muscle anatomy charts; your condensed, no-nonsense, easy to understand learning solution. The extrinsic muscles all include the word root glossus (glossus = tongue), and the muscle names are derived from where the muscle originates. Themedial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles provide assistance in chewing and moving food within the mouth by moving the mandible laterally and medially to grind food between the molars. Supraspinatus muscle:This rotator cuff muscle is deep and originates from the supraspinous fossa which is located on the posterior superior portion of the scapula. Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is flexed. It lays directly superficial to the flexor digitorum superficialis. The muscle is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch. The palatoglossus originates on the soft palate to elevate the back of the tongue, and the hyoglossus originates on the hyoid bone to move the tongue downward and flatten it. This muscle also prevents the humeral head from moving too far upwards while the deltoidis in action, as do all the rotator cuff muscles. Antagonist contractions are opposite that of the agonist and serve to control the action. Youll be able to clearly visualize muscle locations and understand how they relate to surrounding structures. Kinesiological Analysis: Description & Major Components, Massage Therapy Scope of Practice | Overview, Purpose & Manipulation. Mnemonics to remember bones All three heads unite and insert onto the olecranon process and fascia of the ulna. From the sides and the back of the neck, the splenius capitis inserts onto the head region, and the splenius cervicis extends onto the cervical region. The posterior muscles of the neck are primarily concerned with head movements, like extension. It divides and allows the tendon of flexor digitorum profundus to pass through at Campers chiasm (tendon split).

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