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When it comes to researchers dealings with the public, scholars have focused on a) the relationship between science and specific publicsfor instance, the media [41, 42] or politics [41], b) the relationship between science and the broader public [41, 4345] or c) the communication practices of single disciplines [46, 47]. 0000056395 00000 n
Teachers can use animations, videos and other kinds of content to enhance the learning process. PowerPoint: Aquatic Biomes & Species Diversity. Female researchers are more interested in supporting minorities (41%) than male researchers (25%). The concept indicates that two quality regimesa scientific and a societalare important for deciding on the productiveness of a dialog. Others have pointed to the increased legitimation pressure exerted by research organizations and the increase in PR and marketing [40]. The answer categories were based on a structuring content analysis of the REF impact case studies, which we carried out as a prestudy in spring 2019. In general, we considered agreement as the last two answer categories of the scale (agree + strongly agree) and report on this. This is followed by educational offerings in schools and for civil society (43%), social media communication (38%), advisory formats (33%), and collaborations with nonscientific partners (33%). This concerns the organization of societal impact at scientific institutions. The challenges of measuring and assessing impacts are well known in the prior literature on evaluations of societal impact. Serving a term of President-Elect 2021-2023, President 2023-2025 and Past-President 2025-2027. Two scholarly discourses are particularly relevant for the subject of this study: 1) the discourse in communication and science and technology studies (STS) on the relationship between science and society and 2) the discourse on societal impact measurement in scientometrics and evaluation research. Meeting society's needs Science responds to the needs and interests of the societies in which it takes place. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Focus on innovation and new business for the healthcare segment, without losing sight of excellence in service. Two scholarly discourses are particularly relevant for the subject of this study: 1) the discourse in communication and science and technology studies (STS) on the relationship between science and society and 2) the discourse on societal impact measurement in scientometrics and evaluation research. 60% of our participants worked at universities, 28% at independent institutes, 10% at applied universities, and only 2% at other forms of institutions; hence, when analyzing the organizational dimension, we focused on the three largest types of organizations. Expertise in sustainable livelihoods, food and nutrition security, mobile connectivity. Databases have become an integral part of modern-day life. One concerns the impacts that culture has on science and technology, while the other concerns the influences of science and technology on culture. They are also in our air, our food, and in our water. Through the Topic. 0000005903 00000 n
To further differentiate societal benefits and formats, we conducted a qualitative prestudy (see Method section). Search. It is both positive and negative. 0000068081 00000 n
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the system by which a society provides its members with those things needed or desired . It makes sense for critical evaluation research to make use of empirical work on the exchange between science and society. As a result, we revised descriptions and shortened the survey. Description: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON SCIENCE, CULTURE AND SOCIETY Lotfi A. Zadeh Computer Science Division Department of EECS UC Berkeley University of Bremen - PowerPoint PPT presentation Number of Views: 788 Avg rating:3.0/5.0 Slides: 51 Provided by: cindyInfo Category: We bring together leading experts in government and academia from all . Contributed equally to this work with: Interested in environmental science, sustainable aviation & space flight, citizen science, SAR and emergency . Our results add to the ongoing metascientific discourse on the relationship between science and society and offer empirical support for the hypothesis that assessment needs to be sensitive to disciplinary and organizational context factors. There are, however, some interesting differences in usage: Humanities scholars particularly tend to communicate their research via social media. Developing students capacities and Therefore, we conducted an exploratory analysis and focused on descriptive methods. 0000004734 00000 n
In others the impact has been negative, as in the case of bombs with ever-increasing destructive power. Students are always looking for inspiring presentation topics for their academic assignments because employers look for people who have exc In 2020, it set up a think tank to work out how societal impact could be evaluated [17]. We conducted the online survey from April to June 2020. Third, considering the comparatively low importance of social media as a means of communicating about research, care should be taken not to overuse online discourse as a way of easily generating impact proxies. Yes 0000008586 00000 n
Fig 3 provides an overview of the societal goals the respondents could choose from by disciplinary group. The Middle Atlantic Planetarium Society has membership from Maine to Georgia and west to the Great Lakes. Database technology has a direct impact on our daily lives. We live in an information-driven society. Science, technology, society and environment ( STSE) education, originates from the science technology and society (STS) movement in science education. 0000041113 00000 n
Applied universities are Germany-specific tertiary education and research institutions. fellow meta-researchers) and methodological experts who reviewed both the content and the design of the survey. The word technology can also mean the products resulting from such efforts,: 117 including both tangible tools such as utensils or machines, and intangible ones such as software.Technology plays a critical role in science . With this particular dependent variable, we calculated a regression model (OLS) to analyze multivariate effects in more detail. A total of 116 PGY-1 residents completed the survey; 80 completed the entire survey and 36 provided partial responses. For RQ1 (opinions on science communication), we asked respondents about evaluations because these would have practical implications for their working lives. Fewer researchers, but still many, agree that societal impact should have more weight in research evaluations. I am candidate of science (Ph.D) of cultural studies. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254006.t001. Now with the internet, news or messages are sent via e-mail to friends,business partner or anyone efficiently. (3) Distribution of the researchers sex across age groups. Respondents vary in their opinions on whether societal impact should be given more weight in research evaluations: Only 40% of the respondents from the natural sciences agree compared to 65% for the social sciences and 58% for the humanities. In general, research in this area has shifted away from viewing society as an inactive recipient of knowledgefor example, in the so-called deficit model of science communication [34]and towards envisaging more complex and interactive forms of knowledge creation and dissemination [3, 3537]. Faster communication speed - In the past, it took a long time for any news or messages to be send. Yes Few fields are expanding as much as nursing these days. Even though the majority of researchers regard public engagement as part of scientific work, they are not equally positive about whether societal impact should have more weight in evaluations. It is evident that humanities scholars especially use social media to communicate about their research: 55% of humanities scholars approve of such methods compared to 33% of natural scientists and 38% of social scientists. Vice versa, it makes sense to examine how evaluation policies for societal impact might affect researchers communication behavior. One can cherish an accomplishment only if it comes after effort. The topic has, however, been prominently discussed: Referring to the announcement that the next EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation will focus more on the societal benefits of research, the Alliance of Science Organisations stated in 2018 that any such evaluation should be differentiated and tailored to the demands of science [15]. Less surprisingly, the older a researcher is, the more likely it is that he or she has ever used a format. The original question text was How strongly do the following statements apply to you?. We combined the approving answer categories to calculate the approval rates. ;:iH/> Pn3lpnF}kgUU@e/m;,mN[.VkuW_ymG;PnTk|lh
e|.##U*uv'Whq*ebNC From this, we conclude that societal goals are best explained by the disciplinary backgrounds of researchers. National governments need to understand the science behind major global challenges such as climate change, ocean health, biodiversity loss and freshwater security. You can read the details below. Regarding the disciplinary background, we used the classification of the German Research Association (DFG) and merged the disciplines into three groups: 41% of the respondents were from the natural sciences, 35% were from the social sciences, and 26% were from the humanities [84]. It contributes to ensuring a longer and healthier life, monitors our health, provides medicine to cure our diseases, alleviates aches and pains, helps us to provide water for our basic needs - including our food, provides energy and makes life more fun, including sports, music, entertainment and the latest communication technology. This PowerPoint goes through the food web and has a picture of the ocean food energy pyramid. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. In scientometrics and the wider field of evaluation research, the shift towards societal impact as an assessment paradigm in science governance has been accompanied by critical reflections. (1) $3.00. Search Your Paper . Computer is a Machine Information Technology revolves around computers Society before computers / information technology The application of information technology Social issues Your thoughts. For the 60+ group, there were approximately three times more male than female researchers in the sample (we excluded others due to the small sample size of 1%). Furthermore, we found that 34% were PhD candidates, 25% were postdocs, 11% were academics without a PhD, 25% were professors and 5% were others. However, this assessment differs depending on the researchers discipline, their applied or basic research focus, their gender, and their age. We designed a standardized instrument, consisting of six sections (A: sociodemographics, B: work context, C: knowledge transfer, D: teaching, E: research, F: general questions, G: personality). In light of complex societal challenges and the further integration of German research bodies into the European research area, the societal impact of research will likely become an even more prominent concern in research governance in the near future. Drawing from the wider field of evaluation research, we examine how academic researchers anticipate the broader societal impact of their research. This crass . The biggest challenges and opportunities of the 21st century are in my opinion related to Sustainability and Technology.<br><br>As a Master of Business Administration and Economics and a Master in Data Science, I am equipped with a broad business knowledge reaching from Sustainability/CSR, Leadership, Strategy, Data and Digitalization to a specialization in the field of Accounting, Taxation . Geogirl. In this paper, we focus on those who stated that their primary work location is Germany, leaving us with 499 valid (59%) cases to analyze. The differences between applied and basic researchers in terms of their societal goals are negligible. 4.9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254006, Editor: Laurentiu Rozylowicz, University of Bucharest, ROMANIA, Received: February 2, 2021; Accepted: June 18, 2021; Published: July 9, 2021. If, as stated above, the old social contract granted science relative freedom in return for widely diffused benefits for society, the new social contract for science imposes accountability for the freedom granted to science [2123]. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click Researchers from applied universities typically have the most extensive teaching obligations. Something about me. Participants were invited with an initial email and one reminder, both including a request to distribute the survey among colleagues. Regarding researchers opinions, it is remarkable that the majority of researchers (89%) consider societal engagement to be part of scientific activity. If this cannot be done, science will precipitate evils greater than any that mankind has ever experienced. (28) $4.99. In general, it is noteworthy that university researchers are the least active group for almost any of the formats. According to Bornmann, three main strands of societal impact can be distinguished: First, societal impact as a product (i.e., as an artifact that embodies scientific knowledge), second, societal impact as use (i.e., the adoption of academic knowledge by societal stakeholders), and third, societal impact as benefits (i.e., the effects of the use of research) [2]. Recent models for societal impact have tried to incorporate dialog into their conceptions of societal impact. Discover a faster, simpler path to publishing in a high-quality journal. Comparing applied and basic researchers, we noted that basic researchers hardly ever offer advisory formats (14% for basic researchers vs. 47% for applied researchers) or collaborations (17% for primarily basic researchers vs. 39% for primarily applied researchers). Some of the questions we analyzed were implemented as a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, strongly agree). One reason for this discrepancy may be that researchers fear that evaluations will lead to additional work or that they will not adequately record their transfer activities [23, 60, 64]. This can likely be explained by the experience that older researchers have acquired, which might make them especially well placed to influence public and political decision-making. 0 ratings 0% found this document useful (0 votes) Yet, there is a lack of comparable empirical evidence on one particularly decisive group of actors in the dialogical rationale, that is, academic researchers. Resources, One is global environmental futures forecasting . They have been there for decades, we just didn't know it since our analytical capabilities were limited to the parts per billion level (ppb), a thousand times larger than parts per trillion (ppt). As far as the formats used for societal outreach are concerned, the most commonly used ones are events (used by 65% of the respondents), followed by public relations via media (45%), and educational formats for schools and civil society groups (43%). The REF evaluates societal impact via case studies, which are narratives that describe how research conducted at a higher education institution created a wider societal benefit. Applied researchers are more in favor of societal relevance being given greater consideration in evaluations than basic researchers (see Fig 2). However, due to their applied approach, societal impact should presumably play a more central role for researchers at these kinds of institutions. While natural scientists chose goals in the spheres of environment and health as well as innovation and economic value creation, social scientists goals centred more on civic society and social justice as well as politics and public discourse. positive and negative impact on society, Drawing on De Jong and colleagues and in line with the metascientific discourse on the conception of the relationship between science and society, we see societal impact as the effect of interaction between scientific and societal stakeholders [61, 62, 64]. Toggle Nav. PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, This can ensure that students find the . Which reolution in the information technology revolution presention by sajjad Science and Technology Studies presentation, Technology as a core strenght of the nation, Public policies for productive innovation in information society, technology is largely misused to destroy the world, Science & Society -- From Dissemination to Deliberation, Local Computing Communities - Impact on Society, Chapter 17 science , the environment and society, Impact of Science & Technology on Environment, Philosophy of Science, Technology and Society, The effect of technology on today's society ppt, The world of change by Karapliou and Zagori. Rigidity of caste system, untouchability, dowry system and purdah system have done enormous harm to our society. 5.0. The first round involved topic experts (i.e. This could more adequately address the complexities of the sciences and their many publics [5, 6, 57, 63]. The SEP is used by research institutions to evaluate research units and focuses strongly on relevance for society as well as research quality [10, 11]. Furthermore, researchers at universities particularly disagree with the statement that their communication departments are able to reach relevant stakeholders in society: Only 15% approve compared to 28% at applied universities and 44% at independent research institutes. It was only from the late 1980s onward that researchers were increasingly expected to account for their achievements in evaluation exercises [24]. No, Is the Subject Area "Social sciences" applicable to this article? Project administration, To evaluate the quality and reliability of the survey, we conducted two rounds of pretests. In this regard, interactions are deemed productive if encounters between researchers and societal stakeholders lead to knowledge that is academically sound and socially valuable [62, 64]. However, some evaluation exercises have broadened their scope to include the wider benefits to society [2]. Making a contribution to education is by far the most common impact goal across all disciplines (87% for the humanities, 70% for the social sciences, 58% for the natural sciences). A steam turbine with the case opened, an example of energy technology. More than half of the researchers (53%) agree that societal impact should be given more weight in evaluations. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Colorful Retro Vintage Illustration Animated Medical Technology Education Sci No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. In this article, we introduce two technologies. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY STUDIESScience, Technology, and Society Studies, or STS, is an interdisciplinary field of academic teaching and research, with elements of a social movement, having as its primary focus the explication and analysis of science and technology as complex social constructs with attendant societal influences entailing myriad epistemological, political, and ethical . PDF | On May 1, 2020, Taya D Henry and others published Belief in innocence: How factors underlying wrongful convictions influence comfort and confidence in exonerees' innocence | Find, read and. Historical antecedents that changes the course of science and technology, Introduction to Science, Technology and Society.
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